Annotated Bibliography

Mast 1

Aaron Mast

Ms. Gold

English 103

8 October 2009

Annotated Bibliography

The Making and Unmaking of a Child Soldier
Beah, Ishmael. Editorial. The Making, and Unmaking, of a Child Soldier. The New York Times, 14 Jan. 2007. Web. 6 Sept. 2009.

The author, Ismael Beah, is an actual survivor from being a child soldier in Africa so you know he is a primary source. It was published September 6th 2009 so it is fairly up to date and has little chance of being irrelevant due to the fact that it is outdated. The publisher is The New York Times which is a nationally accredited and re veered newspaper. The rhetorical stance in this piece is based on his own experiences so there is no unfair biased. The audience for this work is people who are aware of current events who read the newspapers daily. This is very relevant to my paper because it is directly related to my topic of child soldiers; it is an actual child soldier talking about his experience of being a child soldier.

Ex-Child Soldier Raps about Hellish Life
Dougherty, Jill. Editorial. Ex-child soldier raps about hellish life. CNN, 11
Oct. 2007. Web. 6 Sept. 2009. .

The author of this article is the foreign affairs correspondent for CNN. Based in the network's Washington, D.C., bureau, Dougherty previously served as U.S. affairs editor for CNN International, a role in which she covered political, cultural and business stories in the United States for CNN's international network. She is a trusted reporter and writer for foreign issues for example African Child Soldiers. This article was published October 11th, 2007 so it is only two years old and should still be relevant. The publisher CNN is a world renowned news broadcaster and is very accredited and trusted. The rhetorical stance of this source is sympathizing with child soldiers and how they can still be normal people in society even through all of the trauma of being a soldier. The audience is the everyday American who reads the news and is interested in current events and today’s issues. This source is very relevant to my project because it gives another perspective to what it is like to be a child soldier and supports stance of child soldiers should not be charged with war crimes but should be rehabilitated instead.

Child Soldiers: Psychosocial Implications of the Graca Machel/ UN Study
Mendelsohn, Michaela, and Gill Straker "Child Soldiers: Psychosocial Implications of the Graça Machel / UN Study." Peace & Conflict 4.4 (1998): 399. SocINDEX with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 8 Oct. 2009.

The authors of this study are well known clinical psychologists who have Ph D’s in psychology, one who graduated from Harvard University the other who graduated from Sydney University both of which are very prestigious universities and degrees. The article was published in 1998 and still has relevance today because the same thing is going on today that was back in 1998. The publisher of this article is Lawrence Erlbaum Associates and publishes articles based on peace, nonviolent conflict resolution, reconciliation, & the causes, consequences & prevention of war & other conflict. The rhetorical stance is towards the rehabilitation of children forced into being soldiers and not punishing them. The audience of this article would be the psychological community and political mover and shakers who can enact policies and make real change. This source is very relevant to my topic because it takes my stance for the rehabilitation of child soldiers and lends support for the idea.

Rehabilitation Programs for African Child Soldiers
Hill, Karl, and Harvey Langholtz "Rehabilitation programs for African child soldiers." Peace Review 15.3 (2003): 279. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 8 Oct. 2009.

Karl Hill one of the authors earned his Ph.D. in Social-Developmental Psychology from Brandeis University (1991), and taught psychology at Wellesley College. The other author Harvey Langholtz is an Associate Professor of Psychology at the College of William and Mary. He is a Special Senior Fellow of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research. From 1991 to 1993 he was a U.S. Delegate to the United Nations, including service with the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations. Both authors are well educated in psychology and are a trusted source for this topic. This article was published September of 2003 and is still relevant today because the same issues back then are present today involving this topic. The publisher is Peace Review and focuses on current issues and controversies that underlie the promotion of a more peaceful world. The rhetorical stance is in the children’s best interest for rehabilitation. The audience is for people who can help out children in these situations and people who want to be educated as to the means of child soldier rehabilitation. This is a very relevant article to my topic because it goes over how rehabilitation is actually carried out and the actual psychological effects the children suffer from being soldiers.

Court Convicts over Child Soldiers
"Court convicts over child soldiers." New Internationalist 404 (2007): 25. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 8 Oct. 2009.

This is a newspaper article about the conviction of war crimes for child soldier recruiting and is important to my paper because it shows that the real people who should be convicted is the recruiters themselves. The author is unnamed and the publisher is the New Internationalist. This article takes the stance against use of child soldiers by reporting about the conviction of child soldier recruiters. The audience is the everyday person who stays up to date on current issues. This is relevant to my topic because it shows the right people getting punished, not the children.